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DTSTAMP:20240329T014614Z
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20190305T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20190305T163000
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UID:a150bbbca74141497842f9c02489a1f2
CATEGORIES:Astronomy Colloquium
SUMMARY:João Alves, University of Vienna
LOCATION:RLM 15.216B
DESCRIPTION;ENCODING=QUOTED-PRINTABLE:
Abstract
Abstract
Most of what we know about star and planet formation has b
een obtained from spatial 2D observations of the local Galactic neighborhoo
d (d < 1 kpc), collected over the last 70 years. During this time we hav
e established a series of ground truths developed around a poorly understoo
d structure called the Gould’s Belt. In this framework, we use Orion as the
template for massive star formation and Taurus for low-mass star formation
, but we do not know how giant molecular clouds form nor why different clou
ds have different star formation yields. We embrace supersonic turbulence a
s a fundamental pillar of the star formation process, but have not identifi
ed its source; We have organized groups of young stars as either bound clus
ters or associations but do not know how they disperse to build up the Gala
ctic field. In this talk, I will report on our ongoing exploration of the G
aia data in the local neighborhood. We found a new arrangement of the dense
gas that alone rules out the existence of the Gould’s Belt. We have found
in the local neighborhood the tidal tails to open clusters and what is like
ly to be the long, stretched remnants of old clusters and associations. Alt
hough still mostly unexplored, Gaia data is beginning to radically change o
ur view of the Local Neighborhood, and with it, our understanding of star f
ormation and the structure of the Galactic disk.
DTSTAMP:20240329T014614Z
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20190312T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20190312T163000
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UID:a150bbbca74141497842f9c02489a1f2
CATEGORIES:Astronomy Colloquium
SUMMARY:Spring Break
LOCATION:RLM 15.216B
DESCRIPTION;ENCODING=QUOTED-PRINTABLE:
No talk scheduled
DTSTAMP:20240329T014614Z
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20190319T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20190319T163000
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SEQUENCE:0
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UID:a150bbbca74141497842f9c02489a1f2
CATEGORIES:Astronomy Colloquium
SUMMARY:Karl Stapelfeldt, JPL
LOCATION:RLM 15.216B
DESCRIPTION;ENCODING=QUOTED-PRINTABLE:
Extending our Vision to a Galaxy of Planets
Abstract
The most obvious method of
studying extrasolar planets - directly imaging them alongside their parent
star - is also the most difficult. Image contrasts exceeding a billion to o
ne, at subarcsecond separations, are required to detect an analog of our so
lar system in reflected starlight. Following the charge of the Astro2010 de
cadal survey, the NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program (ExEP) is tasked with
developing the technology and precursor science needed to realize the goals
of directly imaging Earth analogs and characterizing their atmospheres for
habitability and the presence of life. In this talk I will review the hist
ory of efforts to image extrasolar planets; the methods that can be used, a
nd technical challenges that must be met to image and characterize Earth an
alogs; the role of exoplanet imaging on the WFIRST mission; and what the Ha
bEx and LUVOIR mission concepts would be capable of, if one was selected by
the 2020 decadal survey.
DTSTAMP:20240329T014614Z
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20190326T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20190326T163000
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SEQUENCE:0
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BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:a150bbbca74141497842f9c02489a1f2
CATEGORIES:Astronomy Colloquium
SUMMARY:Melissa Ness, Columbia University
LOCATION:RLM 15.216B
DESCRIPTION;ENCODING=QUOTED-PRINTABLE:
In Pursuit of Galactic Archaeology
Abstract
We are entering an era where the curren
t difficulties in building an understanding of the formation and evolution
of our Galaxy can be overcome. Using new data-driven approaches to spectros
copy, we have derived ages and precision chemical abundances for millions o
f stars across the Galaxy. With new methodologies to derive information fro
m spectra, across a multitude of surveys, combined with the distance and st
ellar motion measurements being delivered by the Gaia mission, we are const
ructing the ultimate synthesis of Galactic information. I will showcase the
information that we have derived from stars across the Galaxy, how we have
derived this information, and what this is telling us about the Milky Way’
s formation. In particular I will highlight recent work that strongly const
rains the formation of the Milky Way disk and demonstrates the (dire) prosp
ects for chemical tagging of the Milky Way.
DTSTAMP:20240329T014614Z
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20190402T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20190402T163000
RECURRENCE-ID;TZID=America/Chicago:20190402T153000
SEQUENCE:0
TRANSP:OPAQUE
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BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:a150bbbca74141497842f9c02489a1f2
CATEGORIES:Astronomy Colloquium
SUMMARY:Joey Rodriguez, Harvard-Smithsonian CfA
LOCATION:RLM 15.216B
DESCRIPTION;ENCODING=QUOTED-PRINTABLE:
Planetary Evolution in Two Acts: Eclipsing Disks and Transiting
Planets
Abstract
Th
e success of ground-based transit and RV surveys, and the Kepler/K2 mission
, has shifted the exoplanet field from pure discovery to a combin
ation of discovery, demographic analysis, and detailed characterization, es
pecially for exoplanet atmospheres. Unfortunately, most known transiting ex
oplanet hosts are too faint to permit atmospheric characterization. We are
using data from the TESS, K2, and ground-based transit surveys like the Kil
odegree Extremely Little Telescope (KELT) project to find planets around br
ight stars while addressing specific questions about planet formation and e
volution. We are also studying the birthplaces of planets by searching
for occultations of newly formed stars by their protoplanetary disks with
our Disk Eclipse Search with KELT (DESK) survey. These systems provide insi
ght into the conditions required for planet formation. I will describe our
results and discuss how we will search for these kinds of objects in future
surveys such as LSST.
DTSTAMP:20240329T014614Z
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20190409T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20190409T163000
RECURRENCE-ID;TZID=America/Chicago:20190409T153000
SEQUENCE:0
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BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:a150bbbca74141497842f9c02489a1f2
CATEGORIES:Astronomy Colloquium
SUMMARY:Michael Cooper, UC Irvine
LOCATION:RLM 15.216B
DESCRIPTION;ENCODING=QUOTED-PRINTABLE:
Constraining the Physics of Satellite Quenching
Abstract
Despite remarka
ble success at modeling the evolution of massive galaxies over cosmic
time, modern hydrodynamic and semi-analytic models of galaxy formation 
;fail to reproduce the properties of low-mass galaxies. This shortcoming in
our theoretical picture is largely driven by an inability to understa
nd the physical mechanisms by which star formation is suppressed (or “
quenched”) in satellite galaxies. In an effort to address this shortco
ming, I will present recent work to measure the efficiency of satellit
e quenching at late cosmic times spanning more than 7 orders of m
agnitude in satellite stellar mass. In particular, our work utilizes&n
bsp;observations of galaxy groups identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Surve
y as well as detailed studies of dwarfs in the Local Volume to constra
in the timescale upon which satellite quenching occurs following infal
l (and thus the physical mechanisms at play). By bringing together mul
tiwavelength data across a broad range in satellite and host mass, our
analysis has established a coherent physical picture of satellite que
nching that addresses the most glaring deficiency of current galaxy fo
rmation models.
DTSTAMP:20240329T014614Z
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20190416T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20190416T163000
RECURRENCE-ID;TZID=America/Chicago:20190416T153000
SEQUENCE:0
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BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:a150bbbca74141497842f9c02489a1f2
CATEGORIES:Astronomy Colloquium
SUMMARY:Liese van Zee, Indiana University
LOCATION:RLM 15.216B
DESCRIPTION;ENCODING=QUOTED-PRINTABLE:
A Multi-Wavelength View of Nearby Galaxies
Abstract
I will present the results of
several recent studies investigating the gaseous and stellar distributions
of nearby galaxies, utilizing observations obtained from the ultraviolet t
o the radio. The primary focus of my talk will be results from the Ex
tended Disk Galaxy Exploration Science (EDGES) Sur
vey, a deep imaging survey with the Spitzer Space Telescope that was design
ed to identify and measure the faint stellar populations around nearby gala
xies. In addition to the exquisite deep near-infrared data set, we ha
ve obtained complementary optical, ultraviolet, and radio observations of v
arious sub-sets of the EDGES sample in o
rder to explore the growth and stability of nearby galaxies. I will h
ighlight the results of these studies and discuss the implications for the
formation and evolution of structure in a hierarchical universe.
DTSTAMP:20240329T014614Z
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20190423T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20190423T163000
RECURRENCE-ID;TZID=America/Chicago:20190423T153000
SEQUENCE:0
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UID:a150bbbca74141497842f9c02489a1f2
CATEGORIES:Astronomy Colloquium
SUMMARY:Laura Lopez, Ohio State University
LOCATION:RLM 15.216B
DESCRIPTION;ENCODING=QUOTED-PRINTABLE:
The Importance and Challenges in Assessing Stellar Feedback
<
h2 class="rl_sliders-title nn_sliders-title">Abstract
Massive stars
have a profound astrophysical influence on the interstellar medium (ISM) th
roughout their tumultuous lives and deaths. Stellar feedback occurs through
a variety of mechanisms: radiation, photoionization heating, winds, jets/o
utflows, supernovae, and cosmic-ray acceleration. Despite its importance, s
tellar feedback is cited as one of the biggest uncertainties in astrophysic
s today, stemming from a need for observational constraints and the challen
ges of considering many feedback modes simultaneously. In this talk, I will
discuss recent studies of feedback on ISM scales, from both a theoretical
perspective as well as using multiwavelength observations, to understand th
e comparative role of different feedback modes and how they vary over time
and conditions. Additionally, I will present the latest developments in und
erstanding the importance of cosmic-ray feedback, based on simulations and
high-energy observations.
DTSTAMP:20240329T014614Z
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20190430T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20190430T163000
RECURRENCE-ID;TZID=America/Chicago:20190430T153000
SEQUENCE:0
TRANSP:OPAQUE
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:a150bbbca74141497842f9c02489a1f2
CATEGORIES:Astronomy Colloquium
SUMMARY:Cyril Grima, UT Institute for Geophysics
LOCATION:RLM 15.216B
DESCRIPTION;ENCODING=QUOTED-PRINTABLE:
The Habitability of Europa and its Investigation by Radar Soundi
ng
a>
Abstract
The epi
c era of our solar system reconnaissance by fearless space probes propelled
onto stark hyperbolic trajectories into the unknown has nearly ended with
a sparkling evidence and an unforeseen hypothesis: The cryospheres are
some of the most common planetary environments in the solar system, and wo
uld cryospheres be ideal places to answer whether life is fortuitous or opp
ortunistic?
Icy Worlds, dwarf planets and moons, are dozens. Europa,
Ganymede, Enceladus, Titan, Dione, Pluto is a non-exhaustive subset where a
liquid water body below the ice crust has been indirectly detected or is r
easonably considered. Europa is particular. As some, hypotheses on its stru
cture and activity tend to converge towards the coexistence of conditions t
hat would allow earth-like life to exist. But Europa also likely had a stab
le planetary and orbital architecture at a billion year scale, a timescale
that was sufficient to the emergence of life on early Earth, giving plenty
of time for a Europan biosphere to appear and evolve in a relatively peacef
ul shelter if opportunism is one of its fundamental character.
Althou
gh promising, Europa's habitability is still a major hypothesis that needs
further testing. To propel science investigations on that matter, the NASA'
s Europa Clipper mission is scheduled for launch in the early 2020's with a
scientific payload of 9 instruments. Among them, the Radar for Europa Asse
ssment and Sounding: Ocean-to-Near Surface (REASON) is a radar sounder led
by UTIG at UT Austin. REASON is a multifaceted instrument designed to chara
cterize the distribution of shallow englacial waters, to search for an ice-
ocean interface, to investigate vertical material exchange from the ocean t
o the exosphere, to constrain the amplitude of gravitational tides, and to
characterize the surface to support a potential landed mission. REASON's ca
pacity to provide compelling information for the assessment of a habitable
environment is demonstrated by the investigation of analog places in the Ea
rth cryosphere.
DTSTAMP:20240329T014614Z
DTSTART;TZID=America/Chicago:20190507T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/Chicago:20190507T163000
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SEQUENCE:0
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